Study of influence of tool geometry and temperature on bone substructure to reduce bone drilling injury

Abstract For multiple piece bone fractures orthopaedic surgeons often prefer drilling. During drilling (cortical and cancellous) heat is generated. Heat accumulation above tolerance level of biomaterial causes permanent injury. This leads to delayed restoration period. can be avoided by controlling drill tool geometrical aspects in depth information substructure. Among various angles tool, helix angle very important as it gives way out chip thereby removal from site. Temperature affects up cellular so identify thermal damage, substructure has study. paper deals with the study that contributes temperature rise its effect on